“A model code of conduct – (a) must be consistent with the principles for the time being specified in an order under section 49(1) … (b) may include provisions which are mandatory; and (c) may include provisions which are optional”. S.51 imposes a duty on relevant authorities to adopt a code which must include all mandatory provisions of the model code and may include any optional provisions and any other provisions which are consistent with the model code (s.51(4)). S.52 is important, having regard to an argument put forward by Mr Maurici which, he submits, means that this appeal must be allowed. It reads:“52(1) A person who is a member or co-opted member of a relevant authority at a time when the authority adopt a code of conduct under section 51 for the first time – (a) must, before the end of the period of two months beginning with the date on which the code of conduct is adopted, give to the authority a written undertaking that in performing his functions he will observe the authority’s code of conduct for the time being under section 51, and (b) if he fails to do so, is to cease to be a member or co-opted member at the end of that period. (2). The form of declaration of acceptance of office which may be prescribed by an order under section 83 of the Local Government Act 1972 may include an undertaking by the declarant that in performing his functions he will observe the authority’s code of conduct for the time being under section 51. (3). A person who becomes a member of a relevant authority to which section 83 of that Act does not apply at any time after the authority have adopted a code of conduct under section 51 for the first time may not act in that office unless he has given the authority a written undertaking that in performing his functions he will observe the authority’s code of conduct for the time being under section 51. (4). A person who becomes a co-opted member of a relevant authority at any time after the authority have adopted a code of conduct under section 51 for the first time may not act as such unless he has given the authority a written undertaking that in performing his functions he will observe the authority’s code of conduct for the time being under section 51.” 14. Each authority must set up a standards committee which must consist of at least 2 members of the authority and at least one independent member (s.53(4)). The GLA has resolved that members must be in the majority in its standards committee. The committee must promote and maintain high standards of conduct by the members and assist them to observe the authority’s code of conduct (s.54(1)). 15. S.57 of the Act creates the Standards Board for England which, in exercising its functions, ‘must have regard to the need to promote and maintain high standards of