Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. [2025] EWHC 1170 (Admin) AC-2024-LON-001310 HUSAIN v SRA comments at a rally. In my judgment I made these general observations about antisemitism and anti-Zionism, drawing on aspects of the IHRA working definition and examples: “57. Antisemitism is hatred or hostility towards Jews as a racial and/or religious group. That hatred or hostility can be manifested in different ways. As the IHRA working definition points out, contemporary examples include “mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotypical allegations about Jews as such or the power of Jews as collective – such as, especially but not exclusively, the myth about a world Jewish conspiracy or of Jews controlling the media, economy, government or other societal institutions”. There are many conspiracy theories circulating, based on these kinds of stereotypical allegations. These conspiracy theories are expressions and instruments of racism, not just crackpot musings. It is important to recognise them as such. 58. Zionism is a label given to a group of political beliefs about the legitimacy of the foundation and subsequent policy and conduct of the state of Israel. Since its foundation in 1948 as the only Jewish nation state, Israel has been consistently criticised. Some of that criticism has focussed on the fact that its foundation involved the displacement of peoples of mainly Arab ethnic origin (although large numbers of Jews were also displaced from majority Arab countries at about the same time). Other criticism focuses on the subsequent conduct of Israel, particularly towards the Palestinian inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It has included the claims that Israel’s policy and conduct is contrary to international law (including international humanitarian law and international human rights law), motivated by racism, or otherwise morally objectionable. These claims have come from various sources (including Jews and indeed Israelis) and are vigorously disputed. 59. The line between antisemitism and legitimate opposition to political Zionism can in some cases be difficult to draw with confidence and accuracy. 60. In the first place, the word ‘Zionist’ (or in some contemporary discourse the contraction ‘Zio’) is sometimes used by people who regard themselves as progressive, and would be ashamed to use the word ‘Jew’, to mean exactly that. Deciding whether language is being used in this way requires a careful and contextual analysis of what is being said. Sometimes it will be obvious that a statement using the word ‘Zionist’ conveys an objectively racist meaning, sometimes less so.